Which companies require statutory audit?
Every company registered under the Companies Act, 2013 — including private limited, public limited, OPC, Section 8, and small companies — is required to get its accounts audited annually by a qualified Chartered Accountant, regardless of turnover or profitability.
Who can be appointed as a statutory auditor?
Only a Chartered Accountant in practice or a firm of Chartered Accountants can be appointed as statutory auditor. The first auditor is appointed by the Board within 30 days of incorporation, and subsequent auditors are appointed by shareholders in the AGM for a term of five years.
What is CARO and which companies does it apply to?
CARO (Companies Auditor's Report Order) requires auditors to report on specific matters such as fixed assets, inventory, related party transactions, and statutory dues. It applies to most companies, except small private companies, OPCs, banking, insurance, and certain Section 8 companies, subject to prescribed thresholds.
Is internal audit mandatory under Companies Act?
Internal audit is mandatory under Section 138 for listed companies and unlisted public or private companies that cross prescribed thresholds of paid-up capital, turnover, borrowings, or deposits. It can be conducted by a Chartered Accountant, Cost Accountant, or other professional appointed by the Board.
What is the difference between statutory audit and tax audit?
Statutory audit is conducted under the Companies Act, 2013 to verify the truth and fairness of financial statements. Tax audit is conducted under Section 44AB of the Income Tax Act, 1961 to verify compliance with tax laws and is applicable based on turnover or income criteria.
What are the consequences of non-compliance?
Failure to appoint an auditor or conduct audit can attract penalties on the company, directors, and officers in default under Section 147. It may also result in adverse remarks in ROC filings, disqualification of directors, and reputational damage with regulators and stakeholders.
What is reporting on Internal Financial Controls (IFC)?
Auditors of certain companies are required to report on the adequacy and operating effectiveness of Internal Financial Controls over Financial Reporting (ICFR). This involves evaluating policies, processes, and controls that ensure reliability of financial reporting and prevent fraud.